ILLC-LIRa

illc-lira@list.uva.nl

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LIRa Session: Aidan Lyon
by LIRa Seminar 09 Feb '19

09 Feb '19

Dear all, The next LIRa session will take place on Thursday, February 14th. Our speaker is Aidan Lyon. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Aidan Lyon Date and Time: Thursday, February 14th 2019, 16:30-18:00 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: Psychedelic Experience and the Mathematics of Hallucination. Abstract. In this talk, I will present three kinds of mathematical model of psychedelic hallucinations: (i) those based on Turing bifurcation patterns, (ii) Bayesian / predictive coding models, and (iii) models based on convolutional neural networks. I will discuss the relationships between the three kinds of model and propose an account of psychedelic hallucination that unifies the models. I will also discuss the philosophical implications of this unified account. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Gabrielle Gramelsberger
by LIRa Seminar 30 Jan '19

30 Jan '19

Dear all, Tomorrow we will have our next LIRa session. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Gabrielle Gramelsberger Date and Time: Thursday, January 31st 2019, 16:30-18:00 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: The challenge of non-linearity and the need for computer-based modelling and simulation in science. Abstract. In 1946 John von Neumann stated, “the advance of analysis is [...] stagnant along the entire front of non-linear problems. We believe, therefore, that it is now time to concentrate on effecting the transition to [digital] devices, and that this will increase the power of the approach in question to an unprecedented extent.” [Goldstine and von Neumann, 1946] This statement, which is still true, marked the beginning of computer-based modelling and simulation in science, although it took several years to build adequate computers and develop rules for delegating mathematics to the computer, amongst them the famous von Neumann stability analysis. However, from this point on the very nature of science changed and has increasingly turned computational. Today, computer-based modelling and simulation are expanding the methodological repertoire of scientific theory and experiment/observation, helping researchers “extend themselves”—as philosopher Paul Humphreys aptly outlined in 2004; metaphorically comparing simulations with microscopes, but mathematical ones. From a philosophical perspective these “extending capacities” of computer-based modelling and simulation are of interest. The paper will present the historical and contemporary aspects of struggling with the challenge of non-linearity. It will pose the questions as to whether the challenge of non- linearity is rooted in the cognitive boundaries of Anschauung as addressed by Immanuel Kant back in 1781, whether these cognitive boundaries reappear in the problem of Entscheidbarkeit [Hilbert, 1900], and what they mean for epistemic limitations in computer-based modelling and simulation. Finally, it will be discuss whether a logical framework could help to grasp the complexity of today’s computational sciences. References Herman H. Goldstine and John von Neumann. 1963 [1946]. On the Principles of Large Scale Computing Machines. Collected Works (vol. 5), (ed. by John von Neumann and A. H. Taub), 1–32. Oxford Pergamon. Paul Humphreys. 2004. Extending Ourselves. Computational Sciences, Empiricism, and Scientific Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Immanuel Kant. 1993 [1781, 1787]. Kritik der reinen Vernunft, (ed. by Raymund Schmidt). Hamburg: Meiner 1993. David Hilbert. 1932 [1900]. Mathematische Probleme. Gesammelte Abhandlungen (vol. 1), (ed. by David Hilbert), 290-329. Berlin: Springer. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session reminder: Dag Westerstahl
by LIRa Seminar 28 Jan '19

28 Jan '19

Dear all, We would like to remind you that today, at 16:30, Dag Westerstahl will give a talk at our LIRa seminar. Please find the details below: Speaker: Dag Westerstahl Date and Time: Monday, January 28th 2019, 16:30-18:00 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: Logicality revisited: constants vs. consequence. Abstract. There is an abstract Galois duality between (sets of) constants and consequence relations that I will explore, and argue that it gives some insight into both notions, and in particular into the notion of a logical constant. This leads in a natural way to a question posed already by Carnap in 1943, but rather neglected since: To what extent do the properties of a logical consequence relation fix the meaning of the logical constants in the language? Carnap asked this about classical propositional logic, but the question makes sense for any logic. It has a precise and satisfactory answer for propositional and first-order logic, which I will state, and then go on to ask Carnap’s question for modal logic. The situation there is similar to, but also interestingly different from, that in first-order logic, and some new conceptual issues, and some mildly interesting facts, arise. In particular, we get a new perspective on neighborhood semantics for modal logic. This is joint work with Denis Bonnay. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Gabrielle Gramelsberger
by LIRa Seminar 25 Jan '19

25 Jan '19

Dear all, Apart from Dag Westerstahl\'s talk (on Monday the 28th) which we announced earlier this week, there will be another LIRa session next week, on Thursday the 31th. Our speaker is Gabrielle Gramelsberger. Please find the details below: Speaker: Gabrielle Gramelsberger Date and Time: Thursday, January 31st 2019, 16:30-18:00 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: The challenge of non-linearity and the need for computer-based modelling and simulation in science. Abstract. In 1946 John von Neumann stated, “the advance of analysis is […] stagnant along the entire front of non-linear problems. We believe, therefore, that it is now time to concentrate on effecting the transition to [digital] devices, and that this will increase the power of the approach in question to an unprecedented extent.” [Goldstine and von Neumann, 1946] This statement, which is still true, marked the beginning of computer-based modelling and simulation in science, although it took several years to build adequate computers and develop rules for delegating mathematics to the computer, amongst them the famous von Neumann stability analysis. However, from this point on the very nature of science changed and has increasingly turned computational. Today, computer-based modelling and simulation are expanding the methodological repertoire of scientific theory and experiment/observation, helping researchers “extend themselves”—as philosopher Paul Humphreys aptly outlined in 2004; metaphorically comparing simulations with microscopes, but mathematical ones. >From a philosophical perspective these “extending capacities” of computer-based modelling and simulation are of interest. The paper will present the historical and contemporary aspects of struggling with the challenge of non-linearity. It will pose the questions as to whether the challenge of non- linearity is rooted in the cognitive boundaries of Anschauung as addressed by Immanuel Kant back in 1781, whether these cognitive boundaries reappear in the problem of Entscheidbarkeit [Hilbert, 1900], and what they mean for epistemic limitations in computer-based modelling and simulation. Finally, it will be discuss whether a logical framework could help to grasp the complexity of today’s computational sciences. References Herman H. Goldstine and John von Neumann. 1963 [1946]. On the Principles of Large Scale Computing Machines. Collected Works (vol. 5), (ed. by John von Neumann and A. H. Taub), 1–32. Oxford Pergamon. Paul Humphreys. 2004. Extending Ourselves. Computational Sciences, Empiricism, and Scientific Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Immanuel Kant. 1993 [1781, 1787]. Kritik der reinen Vernunft, (ed. by Raymund Schmidt). Hamburg: Meiner 1993. David Hilbert. 1932 [1900]. Mathematische Probleme. Gesammelte Abhandlungen (vol. 1), (ed. by David Hilbert), 290-329. Berlin: Springer. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Dag Westerstahl
by LIRa Seminar 22 Jan '19

22 Jan '19

Dear all, The next LIRa session will take place on Monday, January 28th. Our speaker is Dag Westerstahl. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Dag Westerstahl Date and Time: Monday, January 28th 2019, 16:30-18:00 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: Logicality revisited: constants vs. consequence. Abstract. There is an abstract Galois duality between (sets of) constants and consequence relations that I will explore, and argue that it gives some insight into both notions, and in particular into the notion of a logical constant. This leads in a natural way to a question posed already by Carnap in 1943, but rather neglected since: To what extent do the properties of a logical consequence relation fix the meaning of the logical constants in the language? Carnap asked this about classical propositional logic, but the question makes sense for any logic. It has a precise and satisfactory answer for propositional and first-order logic, which I will state, and then go on to ask Carnap’s question for modal logic. The situation there is similar to, but also interestingly different from, that in first-order logic, and some new conceptual issues, and some mildly interesting facts, arise. In particular, we get a new perspective on neighborhood semantics for modal logic. This is joint work with Denis Bonnay. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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SYSMICS 2019 Conference: Syntax Meets Semantics
by LIRa Seminar 17 Dec '18

17 Dec '18

Dear all, The SYSMICS 2019 Conference: Syntax Meets Semantics will take place on 21-25 January 2019. Since some of the talks might be interesting to the LIRa audience, we forward the details below: The SYSMICS 2019 conference is the last of a series of meetings planned in the SYSMICS RISE project during 2016-2019. The program of the SYSMICS 2019 conference will focus on interactions between syntactic and semantic methods in substructural and other non-classical logics. Substructural logics are formal reasoning systems that refine classical logic by weakening structural rules in a Gentzen-style sequent calculus. Traditionally, non-classical logics have been investigated using proof theoretic and algebraic methods. In recent years, combined approaches has started to emerge, thus establishing new links with modal logic and other branches of logic. The scope of the conference includes but is not limited to algebraic, proof theoretic and relational approaches towards the study of non-classical logics. Date: 21-25 January 2019. Venue: University Library Singel, Doelenzaal (C0.07) and Belle van Zuylenzaal, Singel 425, 1012 WP, Amsterdam. Please find all details about the program here. To register to the conference, please follow the instructions at this link: SYSMICS 2019 Registration. Note that registration is free for ILLC members. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Jeroen de Ridder
by LIRa Seminar 12 Dec '18

12 Dec '18

Dear all, Tomorrow we will have our next LIRa session. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Jeroen de Ridder Date and Time: Thursday, December 13th 2018, 17:00-18:30 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: Fake News Epistemology. Abstract. Fake news is all the rage these days. In this talk, I draw on contemporary social epistemology to explain what’s so bad about fake news from an epistemic perspective. I start by developing a characterization of fake news. Next, I investigate direct and indirect bad effects of fake news. Among the direct bad effects of fake news are obvious things like the inducement of false or misleading beliefs in those who consume it. Less obviously, fake news also has indirect effects on people who don’t consume it. It can give people misleading defeaters, decrease the reliability of one’s sources, and affect the modal environment of our beliefs, hence undermining their epistemic status. I then zoom out to explore the indirect bad effects of fake news on our epistemic environments in general. Fake news shifts more of the burden for acquiring beliefs with positive epistemic status to our own cognitive agency, thus making it harder for us to do well epistemically. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Jeroen de Ridder
by LIRa Seminar 07 Dec '18

07 Dec '18

Dear all, The next LIRa session will take place on Thursday, December 13th. Our speaker is Jeroen de Ridder. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Jeroen de Ridder Date and Time: Thursday, December 13th 2018, 17:00-18:30 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: Fake News Epistemology. Abstract. Fake news is all the rage these days. In this talk, I draw on contemporary social epistemology to explain what’s so bad about fake news from an epistemic perspective. I start by developing a characterization of fake news. Next, I investigate direct and indirect bad effects of fake news. Among the direct bad effects of fake news are obvious things like the inducement of false or misleading beliefs in those who consume it. Less obviously, fake news also has indirect effects on people who don’t consume it. It can give people misleading defeaters, decrease the reliability of one’s sources, and affect the modal environment of our beliefs, hence undermining their epistemic status. I then zoom out to explore the indirect bad effects of fake news on our epistemic environments in general. Fake news shifts more of the burden for acquiring beliefs with positive epistemic status to our own cognitive agency, thus making it harder for us to do well epistemically. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Krzysztof Apt
by LIRa Seminar 05 Dec '18

05 Dec '18

Dear all, Tomorrow we will have our next LIRa session. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Krzysztof Apt Date and Time: Thursday, December 6th 2018, 17:00-18:30 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: The logic of gossiping. Abstract. Gossip protocols are concerned with the spread of knowledge in a social network. They aim at arriving at a situation in which all agents know each other secrets. Recently distributed epistemic gossip protocols were introduced that employ epistemic logic (for instance in statements such as \'if I do not know whether agent i knows my secret I communicate it to him\'). To discuss such protocols we developed a simple epistemic logic that allows us to express statements like \'agent a knows that agent b is familiar with the secret of agent c.\' An analysis of such statements is surprisingly subtle. We show that the semantics and truth relation of this logic are decidable, which is relevant for the correctness study of the gossip protocols. Also, we discuss an extension allowing one to express common knowledge. Many questions remain open, notably sound and complete axiomatization. Further, there are several types of communication between pairs of agents, each resulting in a different notion of knowledge. The talk is based on joint works with Davide Grossi, Wiebe van der Hoek, and Dominik Wojtczak. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Krzysztof Apt
by LIRa Seminar 30 Nov '18

30 Nov '18

Dear all, The next LIRa session will take place on Thursday, December 6th. Our speaker is Krzysztof Apt. Please, find the details below: Speaker: Krzysztof Apt Date and Time: Thursday, December 6th 2018, 17:00-18:30 Venue: ILLC Seminar Room F1.15, Science Park 107. Title: The logic of gossiping. Abstract. Gossip protocols are concerned with the spread of knowledge in a social network. They aim at arriving at a situation in which all agents know each other secrets. Recently distributed epistemic gossip protocols were introduced that employ epistemic logic (for instance in statements such as `if I do not know whether agent i knows my secret I communicate it to him\'). To discuss such protocols we developed a simple epistemic logic that allows us to express statements like `agent a knows that agent b is familiar with the secret of agent c.\' An analysis of such statements is surprisingly subtle. We show that the semantics and truth relation of this logic are decidable, which is relevant for the correctness study of the gossip protocols. Also, we discuss an extension allowing one to express common knowledge. Many questions remain open, notably sound and complete axiomatization. Further, there are several types of communication between pairs of agents, each resulting in a different notion of knowledge. The talk is based on joint works with Davide Grossi, Wiebe van der Hoek, and Dominik Wojtczak. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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