ILLC-LIRa

illc-lira@list.uva.nl

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582 discussions

LIRa session: Marianna Girlando (Thursday, 28 April 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 24 Apr '22

24 Apr '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session on Thursday, 28 April 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Marianna Girlando (University of Birmingham) Date and Time: Thursday, April 28th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Counterfactuals, comparative plausibility and neighbourhoods: from semantics to automated theorem proving. Abstract. Conditional logics can be used to express counterfactuals (Lewis) or forms of non-monotonic reasoning (Burgess). They are defined by adding to classical propositional logic a two-places modality, the conditional operator. Semantics for conditional logics can be uniformly defined in terms of neighbourhood semantics, generalising Lewis' sphere models. In this talk, I will show the relations between the conditional operator and a weaker modal operator, the comparative plausibility, that I will use to define analytic proof systems for some of the stronger logics in the conditional family. Then, I will illustrate how these proof systems can be implemented to design automated reasoning tools for conditional logics. This talk is based on joint work with Bjoern Lellmann, Nicola Olivetti, Gian Luca Pozzato and Stefano Pesce. The theorem prover is available here: http://193.51.60.97:8000/tuclever/ Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa affiliated event: Logic4Peace (22 and 23 April) // (no LIRa next week)
by LIRa Seminar 15 Apr '22

15 Apr '22

Dear all, There will be no LIRa session next week, but we invite you to attend Logic4Peace next Friday and Saturday. See the information below and please note that the registration deadline is Thursday 21 April 2022, 12:00 noon CET. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team Logic4Peace - Fundraising online Logic event for Peace Dates: Friday 22 and Saturday 23 April 2022 Venue: Online (information will be provided to registered participants) Logicians participating in this conference stand united for Peace. The on-going Russian military invasion in Ukraine is causing death, destruction and it is the direct cause of a gigantic humanitarian crisis. Educational facilities have been hit, supply chains have been broken and people have lost their families and homes. By organizing this conference, we offer our moral and financial support to our colleagues in Ukraine in this time of war. This event is used to collect financial aid for two specific causes: We financially help our colleagues at universities in Ukraine, who are either displaced or have lost their homes, and thus are in urgent financial need. We support the charitable fund 'Voices of children' which provides humanitarian aid and assists in Ukraine with the on-going evacuation processes. As the world urgently needs more logic and rationality, Logic4Peace creates a platform for logicians from around the world to present their work in any area of logic, including: philosophical logic, philosophy of logic and history of logic, mathematical and computational logic, applied logic and logical structures used in science and the humanities. The registration page and the donation page for this conference are open (*). The registration fees and donations will be entirely used to offer financial aid to Ukraine to help our colleagues and the Voices of Children. Website: https://events.illc.uva.nl/Logic4Peace/ On behalf of the Co-Organizing Associations and Institutions: * ILLC, Institute for Logic, Language and Computation * AILA, Associazione Italiana di Logica e Applicazioni * VVL, Dutch Association for Logic and Philosophy of the Exact Sciences * SLS, Scandinavian Logic Society * PTLiFN, Polish Association for Logic and Philosophy of Science * GLG, Georgian Logic Group * CNRL-NCNL, The Belgian National Centre for Research in Logic * SSLPS, the Swiss Society of Logic and Philosophy of Science * FoLLI, The Association for Logic, Language and Information * LogICS, The Logic Group at the Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences. * IRIT, Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse * MCMP, Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy * Theory, Modelling and Computation theme of the Scottish Informatics & CS Alliance * DVMLG, Deutsche Vereinigung für Mathematische Logik und für Grundlagenforschung der exakten Wissenschaften * GAP, German Society for Analytic Philosophy * Institut d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences et des techniques (IHPST), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, CNRS * BLC, British Logic Colloquium * Co-Organizing Team in Ukraine: Prof. Iryna Khomenko, Logic Department at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, and Prof. Yaroslav Shramko, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. (*) Due to the current sanctions against Russian institutions and their implementation for Dutch knowledge institutions, we cannot accept participation by researchers who list a Russian or Belarusian institution as their affiliation. But we welcome participation by researchers of every nationality, provided they register to the conference either as individual researchers (i.e. by listing “Individual researcher” as their affiliation), or listing another affiliation to an institution that is not located in the above-mentioned countries.

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LIRa session: Dingmar van Eck (tomorrow, Thursday, 7 April 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 06 Apr '22

06 Apr '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session tomorrow, on Thursday, 7 April 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Dingmar van Eck (ILLC, University of Amsterdam) Date and Time: Thursday, April 7th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Explanation and Idealisation in Systems Biology Abstract. This paper adds to the philosophical literature on mechanistic explanation by elaborating two related explanatory functions of idealisation in mechanistic models. The first function involves explaining the presence of structural/organizational features of mechanisms by reference to their role as difference-makers for performance requirements. The second involves tracking counterfactual dependency relations between features of mechanisms and features of mechanistic explanandum phenomena. To make these functions salient, we relate our discussion to an exemplar from systems biological research on the mechanism for countering heat shock — the heat shock response (HSR) system — in Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria. This research also reinforces a more general lesson: ontic constraint accounts in the literature on mechanistic explanation provide insufficiently informative normative appraisals of mechanistic models. We close by outlining an alternative view on the explanatory norms governing mechanistic representation. Link to related publication: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-020-02816-8 Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa session: Dingmar van Eck (Thursday, 7 April 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 04 Apr '22

04 Apr '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session on Thursday, 7 April 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Dingmar van Eck Date and Time: Thursday, April 7th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Explanation and Idealisation in Systems Biology Abstract. This paper adds to the philosophical literature on mechanistic explanation by elaborating two related explanatory functions of idealisation in mechanistic models. The first function involves explaining the presence of structural/organizational features of mechanisms by reference to their role as difference-makers for performance requirements. The second involves tracking counterfactual dependency relations between features of mechanisms and features of mechanistic explanandum phenomena. To make these functions salient, we relate our discussion to an exemplar from systems biological research on the mechanism for countering heat shock — the heat shock response (HSR) system — in Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria. This research also reinforces a more general lesson: ontic constraint accounts in the literature on mechanistic explanation provide insufficiently informative normative appraisals of mechanistic models. We close by outlining an alternative view on the explanatory norms governing mechanistic representation. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa affiliated event: Logic4Peace /// next LIRa session: Thursday 7 April
by LIRa Seminar 01 Apr '22

01 Apr '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session on Thursday, 7 April 16:30. You will receive the title and abstract for this session next week. In the meantime we also forward the following Call for abstracts. For all information, please see the event website at https://events.illc.uva.nl/Logic4Peace/About/ kind regards, The LIRa team --- Logic4Peace creates a platform for logicians from around the world to present their work in any area of logic, including: - philosophical logic, philosophy of logic and history of logic, - mathematical and computational logic, - applied logic and logical structures used in science and the humanities. Abstracts should be short, maximum 1 page or 500 words, not including the references and should be uploaded in PDF format on easychair at https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=logic4peace by 11 April 2022 (9AM Central European Time). We welcome participants from all nationalities to submit an abstract.(*) We welcome new ideas as well as on-going work and reports about already published results. All organizers and participants are asked to register for the conference, their registration fees will be entirely used to offer financial aid to Ukraine to help our colleagues and the Voices of Children. We invite academic institutions and organizations to sponsor this online logic event. (*) Due to the current sanctions against Russian institutions and their implementation for Dutch knowledge institutions, we cannot accept participation by researchers who list a Russian or Belarusian institution as their affiliation. But we welcome participation by researchers of every nationality, provided they register to the conference either as individual researchers (i.e. by listing “Individual researcher” as their affiliation), or listing another affiliation to an institution that is not located in the above-mentioned countries. ---

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LIRa Session: Bonan Zhao (tomorrow, Thursday, 24 March 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 23 Mar '22

23 Mar '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session tomorrow, on Thursday, 24 March 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Bonan Zhao (University of Edinburgh) Date and Time: Thursday, March 24th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: How do people generalize causal relations over objects? Abstract. How do people decide how general a causal relationship is, in terms of the entities or situations it applies to? What features do people use to decide whether a new situation is governed by a new causal law or an old one? How can people make these difficult judgments in a fast, efficient way? We address these questions in two experiments that ask participants to generalize from one (Experiment 1) or several (Experiment 2) causal interactions between pairs of objects. In each case, participants see an agent object act on a recipient object, causing some changes to the recipient. In line with the human capacity for few-shot concept learning, we find systematic patterns of causal generalizations favoring simpler causal laws that extend over categories of similar objects. In Experiment 1, we find that participants’ inferences are shaped by the order of the generalization questions they are asked. In both experiments, we find an asymmetry in the formation of causal categories: participants preferentially identify causal laws with features of the agent objects rather than recipients. To explain this, we develop a computational model that combines program induction (about the hidden causal laws) with non-parametric category inference (about their domains of influence). We demonstrate that our modeling approach can both explain the order effect in Experiment 1 and the causal asymmetry, and outperforms a naïve Bayesian account while providing a computationally plausible mechanism for real-world causal generalization. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa Session: Bonan Zhao (Thursday, 24 March 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 18 Mar '22

18 Mar '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session on Thursday, 24 March 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Bonan Zhao (University of Edinburgh) Date and Time: Thursday, March 24th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: How do people generalize causal relations over objects? Abstract. How do people decide how general a causal relationship is, in terms of the entities or situations it applies to? What features do people use to decide whether a new situation is governed by a new causal law or an old one? How can people make these difficult judgments in a fast, efficient way? We address these questions in two experiments that ask participants to generalize from one (Experiment 1) or several (Experiment 2) causal interactions between pairs of objects. In each case, participants see an agent object act on a recipient object, causing some changes to the recipient. In line with the human capacity for few-shot concept learning, we find systematic patterns of causal generalizations favoring simpler causal laws that extend over categories of similar objects. In Experiment 1, we find that participants’ inferences are shaped by the order of the generalization questions they are asked. In both experiments, we find an asymmetry in the formation of causal categories: participants preferentially identify causal laws with features of the agent objects rather than recipients. To explain this, we develop a computational model that combines program induction (about the hidden causal laws) with non-parametric category inference (about their domains of influence). We demonstrate that our modeling approach can both explain the order effect in Experiment 1 and the causal asymmetry, and outperforms a naïve Bayesian account while providing a computationally plausible mechanism for real-world causal generalization. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa session: Hans van Ditmarsch (tomorrow, Thursday, 17 March 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 16 Mar '22

16 Mar '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session tomorrow, on Thursday, 17 March 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Hans van Ditmarsch (Open University, Heerlen) Date and Time: Thursday, March 17th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Wanted Dead or Alive: Epistemic logic for impure simplicial complexes Abstract. We propose a logic of knowledge for impure simplicial complexes. Impure simplicial complexes represent distributed systems under uncertainty over which processes are still active (are alive) and which processes have failed or crashed (are dead). Our work generalizes the logic of knowledge for pure simplicial complexes, where all processes are alive, by Goubault et al. Our logical semantics has a satisfaction relation defined simultaneously with a definability relation. The latter restricts which formulas are allowed to have a truth value: dead processes cannot know or be ignorant of any proposition, and live processes cannot know or be ignorant of propositions involving processes they know to be dead. The logic satisfies some but not all axioms and rules of the modal logic S5. Impure simplicial complexes correspond to Kripke models where each agent's accessibility relation is an equivalence relation on a subset of the domain only, and otherwise empty, and where each propositional variable is known by an agent. See also https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03032 Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa session: Hans van Ditmarsch (Thursday, 17 March 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 11 Mar '22

11 Mar '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session on Thursday, 17 March 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Hans van Ditmarsch (Open University, Heerlen) Date and Time: Thursday, March 17th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Wanted Dead or Alive: Epistemic logic for impure simplicial complexes Abstract. We propose a logic of knowledge for impure simplicial complexes. Impure simplicial complexes represent distributed systems under uncertainty over which processes are still active (are alive) and which processes have failed or crashed (are dead). Our work generalizes the logic of knowledge for pure simplicial complexes, where all processes are alive, by Goubault et al. Our logical semantics has a satisfaction relation defined simultaneously with a definability relation. The latter restricts which formulas are allowed to have a truth value: dead processes cannot know or be ignorant of any proposition, and live processes cannot know or be ignorant of propositions involving processes they know to be dead. The logic satisfies some but not all axioms and rules of the modal logic S5. Impure simplicial complexes correspond to Kripke models where each agent's accessibility relation is an equivalence relation on a subset of the domain only, and otherwise empty, and where each propositional variable is known by an agent. We also propose a notion of bisimulation for impure simplexes and show bisimulation correspondence on certain finitary simplexes. See also https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03032 Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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LIRa session: Stipe Pandzic (tomorrow, Thursday, 10 March 16:30)
by LIRa Seminar 09 Mar '22

09 Mar '22

Dear all, We will have our next LIRa session tomorrow, on Thursday, 10 March 16:30. Please use our recurring zoom link: https://uva-live.zoom.us/j/88142993494?pwd=d1BsQWR4T2UyK0Job29YNThjaGRkUT09 (Meeting ID: 881 4299 3494, Passcode: 352984) You can find the details of the talk below. Speaker: Stipe Pandzic (Utrecht University) Date and Time: Thursday, March 10th 2022, 16:30-18:00, Amsterdam time. Venue: online. Title: Default justification logic as a theory of arguments and epistemic justification. Abstract. My goal in this talk is to present a logic of structured defeasible argumentation using the language of justification logic. One of the key features that is absent in standard justification logics is the possibility to weigh different epistemic reasons that might conflict with one another. To amend this, we develop a semantics for “defeaters”: conflicting reasons forming a basis to doubt the original conclusion or to believe an opposite statement. Formally, non-monotonicity of defeasible reasons is introduced through default rules with justification logic formulas. Default justification logic is unique for its ability to represent defeasible arguments as object-level formulas. Sets of such formulas are then interpreted with an acceptance semantics, in analogy to Dung’s abstract argumentation framework semantics. In contrast to argumentation frameworks, determining arguments’ acceptance in default justification logic simply turns into finding (non-monotonic) logical consequences from a starting theory with justification assertions. We can show that a large subclass of Dung’s frameworks is a special case of default justification logic. By the end of this talk, I will connect this logic of arguments with the epistemological debate on justified-true-belief definition of knowledge. Hope to see you there! The LIRa team

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